Adherence to a reasonable level of understandability would prevent an organization from deliberately obfuscating financial information in order to mislead users of its financial statements. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Informed consent was obtained from all students who participated in this study.
Study Design
Face validity is frequently used as an evaluation criterion to show robustness under inspection and to show the degree of understanding by the target population toward questionnaire items [19]. In the current study, face validity testing involving 15 participants were asked about questionnaire response format, clarity, wording, language, and time required. Their responses indicated the appropriateness for use among the Arabic-speaking population. In addition, 72 participants involved in pilot testing for reliability assessment. The Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.963, indicating that the tool is reliable. In the current paper, existed questionnaire in English language was to translated forward (Arabic language).
- The obtained values were totaled and divided by the number of items.
- This is entirely understandable—after all, it is unsettling that a physician could make such an obvious mistake.
- Finally, the Scale-Content Validity Index/Average (S-CVI / Ave) was computed by dividing the total of the I-CVI values by the number of questionnaire items.
- When assembled in the form of intelligent reports, these statistics present an understandable history of the business.
- Another study done among mental health nurses in Saudi Arabia found that nurses relied on their experience and social interaction as the most frequent sources of knowledge.
Questionnaire
The purpose of the current study was to validate and carry out the linguistic-cultural adaptation of the S-EBPQ for the Arabic language. The Arabic version of the S-EBPQ generally had a solid structure and it demonstrated high validity and reliability. Understandability is the concept that financial information should be presented so that a reader can easily comprehend it. This concept assumes a reasonable knowledge of business by the reader, but does not require advanced business knowledge to gain a high level of comprehension.
Thesaurus Entries Near understandable
The study was carried out with the approval from the King Saud University, Nursing College. Is to validate and carry out the linguistic-cultural adaptation of the S-EBPQ for the Arabic language. The preceding concepts do not mean that complex information should be excluded from the financial statements. For example, the concepts high low method calculate variable cost per unit and fixed cost related to pensions and derivatives are not easy to understand. In these situations, apply the understandability concept as much as possible, but still present the required information. Perhaps elsewhere and under more suitable circumstances I may be able to put my thought into words, precise and understandable.
Word History
And his understandable expressions of regret—now that his book is tanking—come as too little, too late.
Personal tools
The challenge for nurses in the modern day is to provide efficient, secure, and individualized care. Evidence-based practice (EBP) lowers costs, guarantees staying current with new technology and abilities, and enables the provision of high-quality care. Evidence-based practice (EBP) considered the foundation for safe patient care.
The process included forward translation, content validity, backward translations, and face validation. The internal reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated using Cronbach’s Alpha, the most commonly used tool to measure instrument reliability. The Pearson Correlation Index (PCI) was used to determine if there was a relationship between the student’s score on the questionnaire and their age and gender. Improving their belief about EBP is the key toward proper application of evidence, it reflects on the individual perception on the value toward EBP and the perceived self confidence in own knowledge [15]. And improving the education process is mandatory to ensure that student embrace the right attitude.
The S-CVI of Student Evidence Based Practice Questionnaire was calculated and the value was 0.90. Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated to verify questionnaire reliability, yielding an overall value of 0.963 (see Table 4). 45.8% of participants were male students and 54.2% of participants were female nursing students. Regarding the age, 13.9% of participants were at age 19; 31.9% were at age 20; 27.8% of participants were at age 21; while 16.7% at age 22; and 9.7% of participants were at age 23. In this study, the scale was translated to Arabic language according to World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) process of translation and adaptation of instruments [23].
While external sources of knowledge and research evidences were rarely utilized. Alqahtani et al. [2] reported that nurses in Saudi Arabia are willing to be involved in EBP but they need to improve their knowledge and skills to become active participants. Thus, it can be inferred that assessment of students’ beliefs toward EBP is importance to ensure holding of the basic aspects of it in the early start of their professional life. Local finding can aid in establishing new direction in nursing education. Therefore, translating the EBP questionnaire to Arabic will aid in including large number of students who will describe the problem in their native language. The code of ethics for nurses likewise explicitly emphasizes how well-established scientific research and the application of its findings are in nursing practice.
This point is crucial because undergraduate may possess the skill for search but they lack the ability to conduct research or the proper appraisal of articles [1]. On a related note, a study done among 118 American students found that it was difficult for them to distinguish between EBP and research [10]. While [5] carried out a study among 188 nursing bridge program and found that implementation of evidence is very poor and identified training and seminars as influential factors of EBP implementation. Contributed to IRB approval, proposal development, data collection, translation process, results including figures and graphs, discussion, manuscript preparation, and publication process. A methodological study design was used to translate the Student Evidence Based Practice Questionnaire (S-EBPQ) into the Arabic language and evaluate its validity and reliability.
Another limitation is the use of convenience sampling in recruiting the sample. Further research studies should be conducted using Arabic version of S-EBPQ with larger sample in different settings. Another study done among mental health nurses in Saudi Arabia found that nurses relied on their experience and social interaction as the most frequent sources of knowledge.